简述唯物论的反映论与唯心论的认识论的对立。
简述垄断利润的来源。
简述垄断阶段同自由竞争阶段竟争的不同点。
简述国家垄断资本主义有哪些基本形式。
试述资本主义国家对外输出资本的必要性、可能性及其对经济落后的资本输入国的影响。
总结中国改革开放的实践经验，我们可以得到哪些启示？
题目
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认识是主体对客体的能动的反映
（1）唯物论的反映论是从物到感觉和思想的认识路线，唯心论的认识论是从感觉和思想到物的认识路线，这是两条根本对立的认识路线。
（2）唯物主义从存在第一性、思维第二性的基本原则出发，认为认识是主体对客体的反映，认为人的认识归根到底是从外部世界得来的。
（3）唯心主义从思维第一性、存在第二性的原则出发，以这样或那样的方式主张人的认识是先于经验而获得的，或者认为认识是从天上掉下来的，或者认为认识是人主观自生的。总之，都认为人的认识与外部世界没有关系。
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